add a debug subcommand for printing LLVM integer type alignment

Useful when debugging why upgrading from LLVM 17 to 18 caused C ABI
regressions. Turns out LLVM 18 does the following insane thing:

```diff
-[nix-shell:~/dev/zig/build-llvm17]$ stage4/bin/zig llvm-ints i386-linux-musl
+[nix-shell:~/src/zig/build-llvm18]$ stage4/bin/zig llvm-ints i386-linux-musl
 LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i1) == 1
 LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i8) == 1
 LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i16) == 2
 LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i32) == 4
 LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i64) == 4
-LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i128) == 4
-LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i256) == 4
+LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i128) == 16
+LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i256) == 16
```

src/codegen/llvm/bindings.zig

@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@ pub const Context = opaque {
 
     pub const getBrokenDebugInfo = ZigLLVMGetBrokenDebugInfo;
     extern fn ZigLLVMGetBrokenDebugInfo(C: *Context) bool;
+
+    pub const intType = LLVMIntTypeInContext;
+    extern fn LLVMIntTypeInContext(C: *Context, NumBits: c_uint) *Type;
 };
 
 pub const Module = opaque {
@@ -96,13 +99,21 @@ pub const TargetMachine = opaque {
         llvm_ir_filename: ?[*:0]const u8,
         bitcode_filename: ?[*:0]const u8,
     ) bool;
+
+    pub const createTargetDataLayout = LLVMCreateTargetDataLayout;
+    extern fn LLVMCreateTargetDataLayout(*TargetMachine) *TargetData;
 };
 
 pub const TargetData = opaque {
     pub const dispose = LLVMDisposeTargetData;
     extern fn LLVMDisposeTargetData(*TargetData) void;
+
+    pub const abiAlignmentOfType = LLVMABIAlignmentOfType;
+    extern fn LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(TD: *TargetData, Ty: *Type) c_uint;
 };
 
+pub const Type = opaque {};
+
 pub const CodeModel = enum(c_int) {
     Default,
     JITDefault,

src/main.zig

@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ const debug_usage = normal_usage ++
     \\  changelist       Compute mappings from old ZIR to new ZIR
     \\  dump-zir         Dump a file containing cached ZIR
     \\  detect-cpu       Compare Zig's CPU feature detection vs LLVM
+    \\  llvm-ints        Dump a list of LLVMABIAlignmentOfType for all integers
     \\
 ;
 
@@ -359,6 +360,8 @@ fn mainArgs(gpa: Allocator, arena: Allocator, args: []const []const u8) !void {
         return cmdChangelist(gpa, arena, cmd_args);
     } else if (build_options.enable_debug_extensions and mem.eql(u8, cmd, "dump-zir")) {
         return cmdDumpZir(gpa, arena, cmd_args);
+    } else if (build_options.enable_debug_extensions and mem.eql(u8, cmd, "llvm-ints")) {
+        return cmdDumpLlvmInts(gpa, arena, cmd_args);
     } else {
         std.log.info("{s}", .{usage});
         fatal("unknown command: {s}", .{args[1]});
@@ -6292,6 +6295,48 @@ fn printCpu(cpu: std.Target.Cpu) !void {
     try bw.flush();
 }
 
+fn cmdDumpLlvmInts(
+    gpa: Allocator,
+    arena: Allocator,
+    args: []const []const u8,
+) !void {
+    _ = gpa;
+
+    if (!build_options.have_llvm)
+        fatal("compiler does not use LLVM; cannot dump LLVM integer sizes", .{});
+
+    const triple = try arena.dupeZ(u8, args[0]);
+
+    const llvm = @import("codegen/llvm/bindings.zig");
+
+    for ([_]std.Target.Cpu.Arch{ .aarch64, .x86 }) |arch| {
+        @import("codegen/llvm.zig").initializeLLVMTarget(arch);
+    }
+
+    const target: *llvm.Target = t: {
+        var target: *llvm.Target = undefined;
+        var error_message: [*:0]const u8 = undefined;
+        if (llvm.Target.getFromTriple(triple, &target, &error_message) != .False) @panic("bad");
+        break :t target;
+    };
+    const tm = llvm.TargetMachine.create(target, triple, null, null, .None, .Default, .Default, false, false, .Default, null);
+    const dl = tm.createTargetDataLayout();
+    const context = llvm.Context.create();
+
+    var bw = io.bufferedWriter(io.getStdOut().writer());
+    const stdout = bw.writer();
+
+    for ([_]u16{ 1, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 }) |bits| {
+        const int_type = context.intType(bits);
+        const alignment = dl.abiAlignmentOfType(int_type);
+        try stdout.print("LLVMABIAlignmentOfType(i{d}) == {d}\n", .{ bits, alignment });
+    }
+
+    try bw.flush();
+
+    return cleanExit();
+}
+
 /// This is only enabled for debug builds.
 fn cmdDumpZir(
     gpa: Allocator,