From 0e47bd16dac9dcdfc12168c07104030af8eaaa8b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kelley <andrew@ziglang.org>
Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2025 02:20:05 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] add behavior test: return undefined pointer from function

This clarifies that it is legal to return an invalid pointer from a
function, provided that such pointer is not dereferenced.

This matches current status quo of the language. Any change to this
should be a proposal that argues for different semantics.

It is also legal in C to return a pointer to a local. The C backend
lowers such thing directly, so the corresponding warning in C must be
disabled (`-Wno-return-stack-address`).
---
 test/behavior/fn.zig | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 test/tests.zig       |  5 +++++
 2 files changed, 32 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/behavior/fn.zig b/test/behavior/fn.zig
index ceae020bb8..945d0fb3ca 100644
--- a/test/behavior/fn.zig
+++ b/test/behavior/fn.zig
@@ -742,3 +742,30 @@ test "coerce generic function making generic parameter concrete" {
     const result = coerced({}, 123);
     try expect(result == 123);
 }
+
+test "return undefined pointer from function, directly and by expired local" {
+    const S = struct {
+        var global: i32 = 1;
+
+        fn returnGlobalPointer() *i32 {
+            return &global;
+        }
+
+        fn returnUndefPointer() *i32 {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+
+        /// Semantically equivalent to `returnUndefPointer`.
+        fn returnStackPointer() *i32 {
+            var stack_allocation: i32 = 1234;
+            return &stack_allocation;
+        }
+    };
+
+    const ok_ptr = S.returnGlobalPointer();
+    try expect(ok_ptr.* == 1);
+    const bad_ptr_1 = S.returnStackPointer();
+    _ = bad_ptr_1; // dereferencing this would be illegal behavior
+    const bad_ptr_2 = S.returnStackPointer();
+    _ = bad_ptr_2; // dereferencing this would be illegal behavior
+}
diff --git a/test/tests.zig b/test/tests.zig
index 8bcdce7aad..f4c5e01ac8 100644
--- a/test/tests.zig
+++ b/test/tests.zig
@@ -2385,6 +2385,11 @@ pub fn addModuleTests(b: *std.Build, options: ModuleTestOptions) *Step {
 
                     // https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/153314
                     "-Wno-unterminated-string-initialization",
+
+                    // In both Zig and C it is legal to return a pointer to a
+                    // local. The C backend lowers such thing directly, so the
+                    // corresponding warning in C must be disabled.
+                    "-Wno-return-stack-address",
                 },
             });
             compile_c.addIncludePath(b.path("lib")); // for zig.h